UK VAT Calculator
Add or remove UK VAT at 20%, 5% or 0%, with results in pounds.
Recent calculations
The UK VAT calculator is set to the 20% standard rate in pounds sterling. Switch to the 5% reduced rate or 0% zero rate with one tap, and choose whether you’re adding VAT to a net price or removing it from a gross one.
UK VAT rates
| Rate | % | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Standard | 20% | Most goods and services |
| Reduced | 5% | Domestic fuel and power, children’s car seats, some energy-saving installations |
| Zero | 0% | Most food, children’s clothes, books and newspapers |
| Exempt | – | Insurance, most financial services, some education and health services |
Zero-rated and exempt aren’t the same thing. Zero-rated sales are still taxable at 0%, so a business can reclaim input VAT on them. Exempt sales are outside VAT, and the input VAT usually can’t be reclaimed. HMRC’s guidance lists which rate applies to each product.
How to add 20% VAT
£75 × 1.20 = £90, so the VAT is £15. To remove VAT, divide by 1.20 instead: £90 ÷ 1.20 = £75.
UK VAT registration threshold
You must register for VAT with HMRC if your VAT-taxable turnover goes over £90,000 in a rolling 12-month period, or if you expect it to go over that in the next 30 days alone. You can also register voluntarily below the threshold to reclaim VAT on business costs.
Removing VAT from a receipt? Try the reverse VAT calculator or read how to calculate VAT.
Sources: Sources: HMRC’s list of VAT rates on different goods and services and the VAT registration guide on GOV.UK.
FAQ
What is 20% VAT of £100?
£20. The price including VAT is £120. If £100 already includes VAT, the net price is £83.33 and the VAT is £16.67.
Do VAT-registered businesses show prices with VAT?
Prices for consumers must include VAT. Business-to-business quotes are often shown excluding VAT and marked “+ VAT”.
Is food VAT-free in the UK?
Most food for home consumption is zero-rated. Restaurant meals, hot takeaway food, confectionery, crisps and soft drinks are standard-rated at 20%.